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Opening a pile of mail on a Monday morning last month, Neil Hunter found a letter that would change his academic life.

The Howard Hughes Medical Institute had written to inform the �ٺ���Ƶ associate professor of microbiology and of molecular and cellular biology that he was one of 50 researchers nationwide to receive its new Early Career Scientist award along with a generous package of financial support.

More than 2,000 hopeful scientists in dozens of fields that contribute to basic biological and biomedical research submitted applications for the 50 positions a year ago.

‘A real star’

With his appointment, Hunter, 40, becomes the first �ٺ���Ƶ faculty member to join the prestigious HHMI faculty ranks.

“Neil Hunter is a real star,” said Ken Burtis, dean of the College of Biological Sciences. “Howard Hughes scientists are the upper echelon of biological researchers in the United States. If you look every year at the U.S. Nobel Prize winners in the biological sciences, or any of the other top science award winners, odds are that they have earlier been recognized as an HHMI investigator.”

Over the six-year tenure of the award that begins this September, Hunter will continue to work at �ٺ���Ƶ, but the institute will provide his full salary, benefits and a $1.5 million research budget. Additional expenses will also be covered, including research space and the purchase of critical equipment.

Hunter has focused much of his work on the process known as homologous recombination. This swapping of similar segments of DNA between chromosome pairs plays two crucial roles in most organisms. It serves as the repair mechanism for DNA damage that occurs during regular cell division. And it creates new DNA combinations during the process of meiosis — the division that specialized reproductive cells undergo to produce eggs and sperm. Because these new combinations create genetic variation within populations, they are the underpinnings of evolution.

Errors that occur in homologous recombination can have severe consequences. They are linked to a number of disorders, such as Down syndrome, and some inherited cancers, including the breast and ovarian cancers that result from defects in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. They can also cause severe developmental defects that end in spontaneous abortion.

Cancer, infertility applications

Hunter has identified several previously unknown steps in the process of homologous recombination in yeast. Now he’s moving his research to mice and the more complex mammalian system. Results of his studies may some day lead to strategies to prevent cancer and therapies for infertility.

“Neil’s specific focus on homologous recombination in meiosis involves an extremely creative mix of genetics combined with physical analysis of recombining DNA molecules,” Doug Nelson, chair of the microbiology department, wrote in an e-mail. “Neil Hunter is a stellar researcher, a gifted teacher and a wonderful colleague.”

Hunter obtained a Ph.D. in genetics from Oxford University’s Wolfson College in 1996. After working for six years a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University with Nancy Kleckner, a world leader in the field of meiosis, he arrived at �ٺ���Ƶ in 2002.

The geneticist has not had time to map out his plans for the award. But he does have some thoughts.

“The HHMI award will allow us to continue several new lines of investigation instead of one much narrower focus,” he said. “It’s going to allow us to continue working in the mouse and to get a little more imaginative with some projects that wouldn’t be immediately fundable by the usual routes.”

A million ideas are always coursing through his head, he admits. And while most of them are not something he’d try to implement, he’s grateful that the award will provide the latitude to test some of the better ones.

Ranked as one of the nation’s largest philanthropies, HHMI is a nonprofit medical research organization with the principal mission of furthering basic biomedical research. As of September, 2008, its endowment fund stood at $17.5 billion.

The principal goal of its new Early Career Scientist award is to provide the kind of latitude that Hunter is anticipating. The nine female and 41 male recipients of the award come from 33 research institutions around the country and have led their own laboratories for two to six years. During this precarious period in a young scientist’s career, funding can be particularly difficult to obtain, said Ken Burtis.

‘Scientific advances’

“The young scientist is launched, heading off on his or her trajectory, poised for spectacular success, but then maybe they have trouble obtaining sufficient funds to support their rapidly expanding programs,” he explained.

“This level of support to these young scientists will lead to some great scientific advances.”

HHMI’s second Early Career Scientist competition will not take place until 2012.

For a full list of award winners and more information about HHMI, go to http://www.hhmi.org/news/ecs20090326.html.